The Internet Connection

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While the local wireless communication in the house is already solved since many years (see above), the internet connection leaves some challenges. Device manufacturers lack the expertise to solve the connectivity puzzle.

Core Requirements of a Connected Product

It all starts with the choice of the wireless chip, studying the networking protocols, defining a hardware design, programming the processor, solve security and approval issues . Then the servers have to be setup, software has to be released and managed, network firmware defined and finally everything prepared for the end user. This is a 1 to 2 or even more years exercise. Time-to-market today in consumer electronic of more than 1 year is suicide.

The hardware manufacturers have a lack of the necessary domain expertise and fear the challenge to work with prototype or experimental solutions. But this approach is also in high cost and need of resources. Hardware manufacturers have to invest largely and prepare themselves for ongoing operational support. Iterations on solutions are difficult because of the development cycles and so the best consumer value gets lost. Last but not least security and privacy is hard to identify for hardware manufacturers. Especially with the cultural and political differences between Europe, where the technology shall be used, and Asia, where it is manufactured, are big in these terms. But even in Europe it will be difficult to identify the tipping point between usefulness and invasiveness.

Software Compatibility

Home automation and security devices are not standardized on the software level. Their functions for the users are well described (everybody has a certain expectation what a door sensor or switchable plug does)  but how the signals are processed is proprietary to every manufacturer. If a brand wants to offer a solution that works across the different sensors and switches, they have to come to their own standards and force the suppliers to match these standards.

The devices (sensors and switches) provide in principle very simple data compared to a camera: on/off, open/close, smoke/no smoke, motion detected or not for the lowest level and a single value for dimming the light or reading a temperature. Data also comes in a much lower frequency than from a camera: 1 bit per minute (or less) compared with 1 MBit per second.

The devices deliver or receive this small amount of data through a proprietary wireless channel that will be connected to a gateway. It’s not the device that has to be changed for a standardized approach, it’s sufficient if the gateway communicates with a number of devices, understands their protocol and translates it into a standard format. Software on the cloud server can deal with the standardized data format without adapting to manufacturer’s specialties. All hardware and manufacturer dependent information is kept in the firmware of the gateway.